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Resumen
Con el fin de determinar el número de genes involucrados en el tipo de resistencia de desarrollo lento de la roya de la hoja en las variedades de trigo Pavón 76,Hermosillo 77 y Nacozari 76, se realizó un estudio en el Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT) localizado en Texcoco, Estado de Méjico. Para el efecto, se obtuvieron las cruzas simples posibles de estas tres variedades con una variedad susceptible carente de genes de resistencia, denominada Jupateco 73S. Los progenitores y 74 familias F5, de cada una de las seis cruzadas, fueron sembradas en un diseño de bloques completos aI azar con un arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. La respuesta a la enfermedad en las familias F5, se evaluó calculando el Área Bajo la Curva de Progreso de la Roya de la Hoja (ABCPRH). El estudio genético se realizó mediante el análisis dialélico de Griffing, (1986) (Modelo 2, Método 4), a partir del cual se estimaron las varianzas requeridas para calcular el número de genes involucrados en cada cruza mediante la fórmula de Wright, (1968). La resistencia genética a la roya de la hoja fue controlada por dos genes en las variedades Pavón 76 y Hermosillo 77 y por tres genes en Nacozari 76, sobre la base de que Jupateco 73S no posee genes efectivos de resistencia.
Number of genes involved in slow-rusting to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) in wheat.
In order to determine the number of genes involved in the type of leaf rust resistance called "slow rusting" in Pavón76, Hermosillo 77 and Nacozari 76 wheat varieties a study was carried out at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) located in Texcoco, State of Mexico. All possible single crosses were entered into these three varieties with a susceptible lacking variety genes resistance called Jupateco 73S.Parents and 74 F5 families of each cross were planted in a split plot randomized block design with three replications. The disease was evaluated using the Area Under the Leaf Rust Progress Curve (AULRPC). The genetic studies were achieved according to the model 2 Method 4 of Griffing,(1956) aiming the required variances to calculate the number of genes involved in each cross, according to Wright's (1968) formula. The leaf rust genetic resistance was controlled by two genes in Pavón76 and Hermosillo 77 varieties and by three genes in Nacozari 76, based on Jupateco 73S does not possess effective genes of resistance.
Luis Fernando Campuzano Duque, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia)
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