Resumen
Los pastos dedicados a la producción ganadera en Venezuela tienen una baja concentración de proteína cruda. Una de las estrategias nutricionales para corregir el déficit de proteína del forraje es el uso de nitrógeno no proteico en la dieta. Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de dos fuentes nitrógeno no proteico sobre el perfil metabólico de vacas lecheras lactantes, 31 vacas F1 Holstein × Cebú multíparas con promedios de 419 ± 46 kg de peso vivo y 17,1 ± 3,3 kg leche/animal·d-1 se asignaron de forma aleatoria a dos tratamientos durante 91 días: 1) 59 g·animal·d-1 de urea y 2) 64 g·animal·d-1 de Optigen II® como fuente de urea de degradación lenta (UDL). Los animales pastaron (2,12 AU·ha-1) en Urochloa decumbens, U. humidicola y U. brizantha (7,98-9,61 % PC); adicionalmente, se les suministraba 4 kg·animal·d-1 de alimento concentrado (15 % PC) y 108, 60 y 108 g·animal·d-1 de mineral, melaza y grasa sobrepasante, respectivamente. Cada 28 días se determinó en suero sanguíneo las concentraciones de glucosa, proteínas totales, albúmina, colesterol, urea, β-hidroxibutirato, y la actividad de las enzimas aspartato aminotransferasa y gamma-glutamil transferasa. Los datos se analizaron mediante ANAVAR bajo un diseño completamente al azar con medidas repetidas. No hubo diferencias entre los tratamientos en las variables estudiadas; sin embargo, el tiempo de muestreo influyó en todas ellas. No se observaron interacciones tratamiento × tiempo, excepto para la concentración de albúmina, que fue mayor en urea en el día 0. Los resultados obtenidos indican que bajos las condiciones experimentales del presente trabajo, Optigen II® no ofrece ventajas adicionales sobre la urea con respecto a los indicadores sanguíneos del metabolismo energético y proteico y de la funcionalidad hepática en vacas lecheras.
1074 512
- alimentación animal
- pasto tropical
- suero sanguíneo
- suplementación
- urea
- vacas lecheras
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