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Resumen
La alimentación es uno de los rubros más importantes en la producción porcina. Las fuentes de fósforo, proteína y energía representan los ingredientes más costosos del alimento. Las fitasas son enzimas que se han usado desde hace muchos años para aprovechar mejor el fósforo vegetal y reducir costos. Si bien se han generado muchas investigaciones, con distintas metodologías y resultados, su sistematización ha sido limitada. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de fitasas sobre el rendimiento productivo en porcinos. Se determinó tamaño de efecto, heterogeneidad, metaregresiones y sesgo de publicación. Los cerdos tratados con fitasas ganaron 25,17 g (p < 0.05) más peso al día frente al control. Los lechones pueden ganar hasta 39,89 g (p < 0.05). Los cerdos tratados con fitasas consumieron mayor cantidad de alimento 23,44 g y 28,61 g (p < 0.05) más al día que el control en el análisis general y en lechones, respectivamente. La proteína cruda, la energía metabolizable, el calcio y fósforo total, la duración y el nivel de fitasas en la dieta afectan el rendimiento (p < 0.05). No se encontró sesgo de publicación. En conclusión, la inclusión de fitasas favorece la ganancia de peso y el consumo de alimento en cerdos en general y en lechones, no así en cerdos en crecimiento-finalización. Se debe tener en cuenta el efecto de otros nutrientes al momento de la formulación, así como la duración y el nivel (dosis) de fitasas.
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