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Resumen
En la producción de panela en Colombia, tradicionalmente se han utilizado pailas para la evaporación del jugo de caña de azúcar, las cuales presentan problemas de baja eficiencia energética. En este estudio se evaluó un evaporador de película en placa plana a escala piloto. La temperatura del jugo y la placa se midieron con termopares, y la concentración de sólidos solubles del jugo se midió con un refractómetro. El rendimiento del evaporador se determinó a través del coeficiente de transferencia de calor en el lado del líquido (h), el cual se relacionó con los parámetros de operación: flujo másico, temperatura de la superficie, y la temperatura y concentración del líquido alimentado. El coeficiente h se benefició por el aumento: de la temperatura de la superficie (de 140,8 a 181,2 °C), de la concentración del alimento (de 18 a 30 °Brix) y del flujo de alimento del jugo (de 5,7 a 38,4 kg/h); y por la disminución de la temperatura del alimento (de 90 a 60 °C). En la evaporación del jugo de caña de azúcar en el evaporador de película en placa plana se encontraron valores de h entre 140 y 380 W/m2K, los cuales muestran una mejora notable para el proceso de evaporación del jugo de caña de azúcar.
Oscar Andrés Mendieta Menjura, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica)
Ingeniería Química, MSc. Investigador máster. Corpoica, Bogotá, Colombia.Humberto Escalante Hernández, Universidad Industrial de Santander
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