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Resumen
El fruto de aguacate es uno de los productos más exitosos de la producción e industrialización agroalimentaria de México. Se puede consumir fresco o procesado en una gran variedad de productos derivados. Durante su procesamiento, se generan una gran cantidad de residuos agroindustriales como la semilla del aguacate, la cual tiene componentes valiosos y con potencial de ser utilizada en diversas industrias como ingrediente en la formulación de productos funcionales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue resumir el conocimiento actual de la composición, la estructura, las propiedades y las posibles aplicaciones industriales de las semillas de aguacate y sus principales subproductos. Además, este estudio se realizó de acuerdo con la declaración Prisma, para lo cual se hizo una búsqueda bibliográfica y sistemática de artículos de investigación de los últimos 20 años en diferentes bases de datos, tomándose en cuenta diversos criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Entre los resultados, se encontró que la obtención de almidones y compuestos bioactivos a partir de la semilla de aguacate es la categoría más estudiada, siendo Nigeria, México y Estados Unidos los países con más reportes relacionados durante 2015-2020. La conclusión es que existe un creciente interés por la revalorización de las semillas de aguacate, debido a que se considera una fuente potencial de diversos componentes como vitaminas, minerales, antioxidantes, ácidos grasos saludables, carbohidratos, entre otros, y con posibles aplicaciones industriales para el desarrollo productos funcionales con valor agregado.
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