Resumen
Los biopolímeros tienen un gran potencial en el campo del cuidado y la cicatrización de heridas. El almidón, como biopolímero abundante en la naturaleza, puede ser utilizado para reparar tejidos y mejorar su función natural, siempre y cuando cumpla con ciertas características específicas que se logran mediante la modificación de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del biomaterial. Por lo anterior, en este artículo se realiza una revisión sistemática del uso de biomateriales a base de almidón en el desarrollo de apósitos. Siguiendo las directrices de la metodología Prisma, se buscaron y analizaron artículos originales de los últimos siete años, donde se estudió la elaboración de biomateriales a base de almidón y su uso en la cicatrización de heridas. La selección de estos artículos incluyó criterios de inclusión y exclusión que permitieron elegir 57 estudios para cumplir con el objetivo de la revisión. Así, se describe detalladamente el tipo de apósito creado, las técnicas utilizadas para su obtención, los principales polímeros y aditivos empleados, así como los métodos de evaluación del biomaterial. Las técnicas de fabricación influyeron directamente en el tipo de apósito obtenido y las ventajas funcionales que adquirieron, donde sus modificaciones fisicoquímicas resultaron relevantes para que el biomaterial tuviera la capacidad de funcionar adecuadamente como apósito; además, los apósitos compuestos por diversos materiales y aditivos tienen mejor comportamiento mecánico que los elaborados a partir de un solo material. Se debe tener en cuenta que los métodos de caracterización permiten una evaluación precisa de los biomateriales, asegurando que estos proporcionen los beneficios esperados en la curación y el cuidado de heridas.
1641 997- almidón
- biopolimero
- apósito
- propiedades fisicoquímicas
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Apósitos a base de almidón: revisión sistemática sobre métodos de caracterización fisicoquímica y su potencial en la cicatrización de heridas. (2024). Ciencia Y Tecnología Agropecuaria, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol25_num2_art:3612
